About Oracle

Transaction: A database transaction is a unit of interaction with a database management system or similar system that is treated in a coherent and reliable way independent of other transactions that must be either entirely completed or aborted. Ideally, a database system will guarantee all of the ACID properties for each transaction. In practice, these properties are often relaxed somewhat to provide better performance.

Race Condition: A race condition is an undesirable situation that occurs when a device or system attempts to perform two or more operations at the same time, but because of the nature of the device or system, the operations must be done in the proper sequence in order to be done correctly.

Deadlock: A deadlock is a situation wherein two or more competing actions are waiting for the other to finish, and thus neither ever does

Soft Parse: Parisng with Binding Variables

Hard Parse: Parsing with literals(constants)